Research papers

Methods of Modern Mathematical Physics

Handbook of Mathematical Functions

Milton Abramowitz, I. A. Stegun

Introduction to research in education

dkk Donald Ary

Become a more competent consumer and producer of research with INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH IN EDUCATION with InfoTrac! Known for its exceptionally clear writing style and comprehensive coverage, this education text helps you master the basic competencies necessary to understand and evaluate the research of others. The authors familiarize you with common research problems in a step-by-step manner through examples that clarify complex concepts and strong end-of-chapter exercises. This text is a must read for anyone planning to conduct their own research or interpret the research of others.

Optimum consumption and portfolio rules in a continuous-time model

Robert C. Merton

<i>Equations of Mathematical Physics</i>

V. S. Vladimirov, Ludwig Streit

Dynamic models of segregation†

Thomas C. Schelling

Some segregation results from the practices of organizations, some from specialized communication systems, some from correlation with a variable that is non‐random; and some results from the interplay of individual choices. This is an abstract study of the interactive dynamics of discriminatory individual choices. One model is a simulation in which individual members of two recognizable groups distribute themselves in neighborhoods defined by reference to their own locations. A second model is analytic and deals with compartmented space. A final section applies the analytics to ‘neighborhood tipping.’ The systemic effects are found to be overwhelming: there is no simple correspondence of individual incentive to collective results. Exaggerated separation and patterning result from the dynamics of movement. Inferences about individual motives can usually not be drawn from aggregate patterns. Some unexpected phenomena, like density and vacancy, are generated. A general theory of ‘tipping’ begins to emerge.

Equivalence of<i>s</i>-<i>d</i>Exchange, Anderson and Wolff Models

Fumiaki Shibata, Kazushige Machida, Hiroshi Mamada

Fumiaki Shibata, Kazushige Machida, Hiroshi Mamada; Equivalence of s-d Exchange, Anderson and Wolff Models, Progress of Theoretical Physics, Volume 45, Iss

Modern Control Engineering

K. Ogata, J. W. Brewer

From the Publisher: This comprehensive treatment of the analysis and design of continuous-time control systems provides a gradual development of control theory—and shows how to solve all computational problems with MATLAB. It avoids highly mathematical arguments, and features an abundance of examples and worked problems throughout the book. Chapter topics include the Laplace transform; mathematical modeling of mechanical systems, electrical systems, fluid systems, and thermal systems; transient and steady-state-response analyses, root-locus analysis and control systems design by the root-locus method; frequency-response analysis and control systems design by the frequency-response; two-degrees-of-freedom control; state space analysis of control systems and design of control systems in state space.

Structural Inorganic Chemistry

Dontsova, Tetiana Anatoliivna, Nahirniak, Svitlana Valeriivna

THE MORAL ECONOMY OF THE ENGLISH CROWD IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

E. P. Thompson

E. P. Thompson; THE MORAL ECONOMY OF THE ENGLISH CROWD IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY*, Past & Present, Volume 50, Issue 1, 1 February 1971, Pages 76–136, https://do

Observations on the biology of <i>Hemimems talpoides</i> (Insecta: Dermaptera)

R. W. Ashford

The little known ectoparasitic insects of the genus Hemimerus lived and bred on a captive giant rat Cricetomys , allowing prolonged observation of their habits. They never normally left the host for more than a few seconds and never fed elsewhere than on the host. Food was taken from the skin, ears, eyes and mouth but the rat never showed serious irritation. Breeding was slow and possibly closely controlled by temperature. The position in copulation was quite different from that of typical Dermaptera.

Some aspects of the biology of two common species of Nigerian scorpions

S. Afolabi Toye

An account is given of the occurrence of Pandinus imperator imperator (C. L. Koch) and Buthus hottentotta hottentotta Fabricius which are two common species of scorpions in Nigeria. P. imperator is essentially a forest species commonly found in the lowland rain forest zone, while B. hottentotta typically lives in the savannah and has a much wider distribution stretching from the derived savannah to the Sudan zone. During aktograph experiments, P. imperator showed greater locomotory activity during the daytime than at night. In contrast, B. hottentotta was markedly nocturnal. The normal rhythm of locomotory activity of B. hottentotta was greatly affected by constant artificial illumination (20 foot candles) and constant darkness. The rate of water‐loss of P. imperator in dry air was greater than that of B. hottentotta. The experimental results are discussed in relation to the behaviour of the scorpions in their natural habitats.

Electronic States near Superconductive Transition Temperature

Satoshi Takada

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 56 (1987) pp. 4503-4509 Novel Aspect of the Critical Temperature of One-Dimensional Charge-Density-Wave Superconductors Yoshikazu Suzumura, Yutaka Okabe and A. D. S. Nagi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 53 No. 5 (1975) pp. 1233-1242 Self-Consistent Theory of Peierls Transition in One-Dimensional Electron-Phonon Systems Yoshikazu Suzumura and Yasunari Kurihara Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 58 No. 1 (1977) pp. 28-43 Theory of Fluctuations in Quasi-One-Dimensional Electron-Phonon Systems Eijiro Sakai and Toyoyuki Kitamura

Notes on the biology of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Sierra Leone

John Phipps

An account is given of the habitat, seasonal occurrence, breeding biology and food of 103 species of Acridoidea in Sierra Leone. Some comparisons are made between East African and Sierra Leone populations, a relation is indicated between size and number of annual generations and food is considered in relation to habitat and head length.

A relational model of data for large shared data banks

E. F. Codd

Future users of large data banks must be protected from having to know how the data is organized in the machine (the internal representation). A prompting service which supplies such information is not a satisfactory solution. Activities of users at terminals and most application programs should remain unaffected when the internal representation of data is changed and even when some aspects of the external representation are changed. Changes in data representation will often be needed as a result of changes in query, update, and report traffic and natural growth in the types of stored information. Existing noninferential, formatted data systems provide users with tree-structured files or slightly more general network models of the data. In Section 1, inadequacies of these models are discussed. A model based on n -ary relations, a normal form for data base relations, and the concept of a universal data sublanguage are introduced. In Section 2, certain operations on relations (other than logical inference) are discussed and applied to the problems of redundancy and consistency in the user's model.

Invariance Properties of Propertime Formulation of Dual Resonance Model

Yoneji Miyamoto

Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 3 (1970) pp. 825-827 Lagrangian Formulation of Dual Resonance Model Minoru Biyajima and Yoneji Miyamoto Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 4 (1970) pp. 1100-1101 Proper-Time Formulation in Dual Resonance Model and the Subsidiary Conditions Minoru Biyajima and Masakatsu Kenmoku Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 5 (1970) pp. 1312-1316 Boson Electromagnetic Vertex Function in the Veneziano Model Mikio Namiki and Ichiro Ohba Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 6 (1970) pp. 1709-1711 Functional Integral Representation of the Green's Function for the Nambu-Miyamoto Equation Tsunehiro Kobayashi and Ichiro Shibasaki Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 1 (1971) pp. 314-316 Proper Time Formulation for the General Dual Amplitude Tsunehiro Kobayashi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 2 (1971) pp. 471-474 Proper Time Formulation with General Vertices Chiaki Itoh Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1220-1234 Quantized Fields Associated with a Two-Dimensional Medium Masatsugu Minami Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1235-1247 Canonical Formalism for Quantized Fields in a Two-Dimensional Medium Masatsugu Minami Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1248-1257 Proper-Time Formulation of the Dual Resonance Model and Subsidiary Conditions. II Minoru Biyajima and Masakatsu Kenmoku Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1258-1280 One-Loop Diagrams of the Dual-Resonance Model in the Proper-Time Formulation Minoru Biyajima and Yoshimasa Takaya Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 5 (1971) pp. 1607-1617 Canonical Quantization of the Proper Time Formalism in the Dual Resonance Model Chiaki Itoh, Masakatsu Kenmoku and Toshiyuki Minamikawa Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 46 No. 3 (1971) pp. 968-983 Functional Integral Representation for the Green's Function of the Dual Resonance Model Tsunehiro Kobayashi and Ichiro Shibasaki Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 46 No. 5 (1971) pp. 1528-1548 Detailed Wave Equation and Dual Amplitude* Takehiko Takabayasi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 46 No. 6 (1971) pp. 1924-1936 Detailed Wave Equation and Dual Amplitude* Takehiko Takabayasi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 47 No. 3 (1972) pp. 1026-1046 Detailed Wave Equation for Extended Model Underlying the Dual Amplitude Takehiko Takabayasi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 48 No. 2 (1972) pp. 607-615 The Multi-Reggeon Vertex. II Shoichi Hori Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 49 No. 2 (1973) pp. 594-611 Four-Dimensional Interpretation of the Internal Space Associated with the Dual-Resonance Models Masatsugu Minami

Veneziano Model and Propertime Formulation

Yoneji Miyamoto

Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 43 No. 6 (1970) pp. 1620-1622 Invariance Properties of Propertime Formulation of Dual Resonance Model Yoneji Miyamoto Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 3 (1970) pp. 825-827 Lagrangian Formulation of Dual Resonance Model Minoru Biyajima and Yoneji Miyamoto Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 4 (1970) pp. 1100-1101 Proper-Time Formulation in Dual Resonance Model and the Subsidiary Conditions Minoru Biyajima and Masakatsu Kenmoku Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 5 (1970) pp. 1312-1316 Boson Electromagnetic Vertex Function in the Veneziano Model Mikio Namiki and Ichiro Ohba Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 6 (1970) pp. 1709-1711 Functional Integral Representation of the Green's Function for the Nambu-Miyamoto Equation Tsunehiro Kobayashi and Ichiro Shibasaki Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 1 (1971) pp. 314-316 Proper Time Formulation for the General Dual Amplitude Tsunehiro Kobayashi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 2 (1971) pp. 471-474 Proper Time Formulation with General Vertices Chiaki Itoh Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 2 (1971) pp. 501-512 Double Proper-Time Formulation of the Dual-Resonance Model Takeshi Shirafuji Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 3 (1971) pp. 902-918 Hadronic Scattering Amplitudes in the Quark Model. I Tsunehiro Kobayashi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1220-1234 Quantized Fields Associated with a Two-Dimensional Medium Masatsugu Minami Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1235-1247 Canonical Formalism for Quantized Fields in a Two-Dimensional Medium Masatsugu Minami Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1248-1257 Proper-Time Formulation of the Dual Resonance Model and Subsidiary Conditions. II Minoru Biyajima and Masakatsu Kenmoku Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 5 (1971) pp. 1607-1617 Canonical Quantization of the Proper Time Formalism in the Dual Resonance Model Chiaki Itoh, Masakatsu Kenmoku and Toshiyuki Minamikawa Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 6 (1971) pp. 1967-1978 Infinite Component Wave Function and Scattering Amplitude. II Tetsuo Gotō, Jun Otokozawa and Takashi Obara Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 46 No. 2 (1971) pp. 614-633 Dual-Resonance Amplitude as a Generalization of Feynman's Propagator Masatsugu Minami Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 46 No. 3 (1971) pp. 968-983 Functional Integral Representation for the Green's Function of the Dual Resonance Model Tsunehiro Kobayashi and Ichiro Shibasaki Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 46 No. 5 (1971) pp. 1516-1527 Space-Time Approach to the Lattice Dual Resonance Model Minoru Biyajima Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 48 No. 2 (1972) pp. 607-615 The Multi-Reggeon Vertex. II Shoichi Hori Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 48 No. 3 (1972) pp. 1005-1023 Deep Inelastic e-p Scattering and Single Particle Distributions Initiated by the Virtual Photon in the Lattice Dual Resonance Model Minoru Biyajima Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 48 No. 3 (1972) pp. 1024-1036 Difference Equation and Dual Resonance Model Sigefumi Naka Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 48 No. 6 (1972) pp. 2008-2023 Derivation of the Virasoro Conditions in the String Model Gaku Konisi Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 49 No. 2 (1973) pp. 594-611 Four-Dimensional Interpretation of the Internal Space Associated with the Dual-Resonance Models Masatsugu Minami

Green's Function Theory for the Anderson Model

Akihide Oguchi

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 69 (2000) pp. 1449-1456 Kondo Resonance in a Quantum Dot: Finite-U Anderson Model out of Equilibrium Daichi Matsumoto Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 43 No. 6 (1970) pp. 1458-1479 Self-Consistent Treatment of Anderson Model and Magnetic Susceptibility Hiroshi Mamada and Fumihiko Takano Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 1 (1970) pp. 59-76 Self-Consistent Treatment of the Wolff-Moriya Model Fumiaki Shibata and Hiroshi Mamada Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 45 No. 4 (1971) pp. 1028-1049 On the Singularity in Anderson Model. I Hiroshi Mamada and Fumiaki Shibata

The nature of bonds in paper and the behaviour of paper under mechanical strain

C. T. J. Dodson

Work done during the past twenty years on the physics of fibre bonds in paper and the behaviour of paper under mechanical strain is reviewed. The first major section of the article illustrates the chemical nature of the cohesion in paper and reports the results of direct observations on fibre-to-fibre bonds. A statistical theory of the geometry of fibrous networks is shown to be a basis for the characterization of fibre bonding in paper. The second major section is concerned with the mechanical behaviour of paper. This is shown to be a complex subject because paper exhibits almost every known rheological property. Direct, conventional rheological methods, molecular theories and the concept of elastic networks are discussed in this context. Further complications arise from any changes in the water content of the environment. Such effects are conveniently thought of as a competitive process wherein cellulose and water compete for hydrogen bonds for their hydroxyl groups. Not least among the rheological phenomena that paper exhibits is mechanical fracture. This is a discontinuous process that is found to be intimately connected with the mechanical work done on the specimen and is principally governed by its geometrical distortion.

Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Methods

Clive W. J. Granger

There occurs on some occasions a difficulty in deciding the direction of causality between two related variables and also whether or not feedback is occurring. Testable definitions of causality and feedback are proposed and illustrated by use of simple two-variable models. The important problem of apparent instantaneous causality is discussed and it is suggested that the problem often arises due to slowness in recording information or because a sufficiently wide class of possible causal variables has not been used. It can be shown that the cross spectrum between two variables can be decomposed into two parts, each relating to a single causal arm of a feedback situation. Measures of causal lag and causal strength can then be constructed. A generalisation of this result with the partial cross spectrum is suggested.

The<i>p</i>-<i>n</i>Mass Difference Based on the Reggeized Tadpole Model

K. Miura, Tsunetoshi Watanabe

Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 42 No. 2 (1969) pp. 431-432 Baryon Electromagnetic Mass Differences F. Uchiyama-Campbell and R. R. Silbar Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 43 No. 3 (1970) pp. 742-768 On the Application of the Veneziano Amplitude to Electromagnetic Mass Differences of π and K Mesons Toshiyuki Minamikawa, Ichiro Shibasaki and Tsunetoshi Watanabe Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 44 No. 4 (1970) pp. 1022-1033 Electromagnetic Mass Difference of Hadrons and the Parton Model Taizo Muta Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 48 No. 5 (1972) pp. 1596-1605 Subtraction Piece in the Cottingham Formula for the p-n Mass Difference Taizo Muta Progress of Theoretical Physics Vol. 48 No. 6 (1972) pp. 2391-2398 Electromagnetic Mass Shift of Hadrons Tōsaku Kunimasa

A New Product Growth for Model Consumer Durables

Frank M. Bass

A growth model for the timing of initial purchase of new products is developed and tested empirically against data for eleven consumer durables. The basic assumption of the model is that the timing of a consumer's initial purchase is related to the number of previous buyers. A behavioral rationale for the model is offered in terms of innovative and imitative behavior. The model yields good predictions of the sales peak and the timing of the peak when applied to historical data. A long-range forecast is developed for the sales of color television sets.

The Social Stratification of English in New York City.

Harry J. Crockett, William Labov

Part I. Problems and Methods of Analysis: 1. The study of language in its social context 2. First approach to the structure of New York City English 3. The social stratification of English in New York City department stores 4. The isolation of contextual style 5. The linguistic interview 6. The survey of the lower east side Part II. Social Differentiation: 7. Class differentiation of the variables 8. Further analysis of the variables 9. Distribution of the variables in apparent time 10. Other linguistic variables Part III. Social Evaluation: 11. Subjective evaluation of the variables 12. Self-evaluation and linguistic security 13. General attitudes towards the speech of New York City Part IV. Synthesis: 14. The structure of the New York City vowel system.

The Discovery of Grounded Theory; Strategies for Qualitative Research

Barney G. Glaser, Anselm L. Strauss, Elizabeth Strutzel

Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data--systematically obtained and analyzed in social research--can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data--grounded theory--is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications. In Part I of the book, Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis, the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data, the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, Implications of Grounded Theory, Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory. The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena--political, educational, economic, industrial-- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data.