2013 · Nurse Education in Practice
Research discovery
Research papers
Search indexed scholarly records by title, author, abstract, DOI, journal, year, citation activity and full-text availability.
1,332 papers found.
2013 · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Extracellular vesicles: biology and emerging therapeutic opportunities
DOI: 10.1038/nrd39782013 · International Journal of Nursing Knowledge
Impact of an Educational Program on the Use of Standardized Nursing Languages for Nursing Documentation Among Public Health Nurses in Nigeria
PURPOSE: To measure the effect of an educational package on documentation of care among public health nurses (PHNs). METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was adopted. Forty PHNs working in primary healthcare settings were selected. Education was given through a 5-day workshop. Documentation of care was assessed using a modified "Muller-Staub Q-DIO instrument." Data were analyzed using t test third and twelfth months postintervention. FINDINGS: There was a significant improvement on documentation of care at p = .0001. CONCLUSION: Educating PHNs and providing them with standardized nursing care plans enhance documentation of care. IMPLICATION TO PRACTICE: A combination of education on the use of standardized nursing languages and standardized nursing care plans can enhance documentation of care. There is a need for more research on the use of standardized nursing languages in developing nations.
DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-3095.2013.01239.x2013
Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes
The updated fourth edition of the "bible" of solar energy theory and applications Over several editions, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes has become a classic solar engineering text and reference. This revised Fourth Edition offers current coverage of solar energy theory, systems design, and applications in different market sectors along with an emphasis on solar system design and analysis using simulations to help readers translate theory into practice. An important resource for students of solar engineering, solar energy, and alternative energy as well
DOI: 10.1002/97811186716032013 · Nature
Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease
DOI: 10.1038/nature120342013 · Journal of Education and Learning
Effects of Developed Electronic Instructional Medium on Students’ Achievement in Biology
The study investigated the effects of developed electronic instructional medium (video DVD instructional package) on students’ achievement in Biology. It was guided by two research questions and two hypotheses, using a quasi-experimental, pretest-postest control group design. The sample comprised of 180 senior secondary, year two students from six schools located in the three education zones of Niger State. The subjects were divided into an experimental group (electronic medium instruction) and a control group (traditional lecture instruction). Structured Biology Achievement Test (SBAT) with internal consistency reliability co-efficient of 0.83 was used to measure the student’s achievement before and after the treatment. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results from Means, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Scheffe test indicated that the achievement of students in biology greatly improved with the use of electronic instructional medium. Students’ gender had no significant effect on their achievement in biology when electronic medium was used. These results have implications for innovative use of instructional media and creating sound strategies for disseminating science in the classroom.
DOI: 10.5539/jel.v2n2p12013
Research Methods in Education
DOI: 10.4324/97802037209672013 · Cardiovascular Research
Translating cardioprotection for patient benefit: position paper from the Working Group of Cellular Biology of the Heart of the European Society of Cardiology
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite current therapy, the morbidity and mortality for patients with CHD remains significant. The most important manifestations of CHD arise from acute myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in terms of cardiomyocyte death and its long-term consequences. As such, new therapeutic interventions are required to protect the heart against the detrimental effects of acute IRI and improve clinical outcomes. Although a large number of cardioprotective therapies discovered in pre-clinical studies have been investigated in CHD patients, few have been translated into the clinical setting, and a significant number of these have failed to show any benefit in terms of reduced myocardial infarction and improved clinical outcomes. Because of this, there is currently no effective therapy for protecting the heart against the detrimental effects of acute IRI in patients with CHD. One major factor for this lack of success in translating cardioprotective therapies into the clinical setting can be attributed to problems with the clinical study design. Many of these clinical studies have not taken into consideration the important data provided from previously published pre-clinical and clinical studies. The overall aim of this ESC Working Group Cellular Biology of the Heart Position Paper is to provide recommendations for optimizing the design of clinical cardioprotection studies, which should hopefully result in new and effective therapeutic interventions for the future benefit of CHD patients.
DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt0042013 · Science
RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9
Bacteria and archaea have evolved adaptive immune defenses, termed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems, that use short RNA to direct degradation of foreign nucleic acids. Here, we engineer the type II bacterial CRISPR system to function with custom guide RNA (gRNA) in human cells. For the endogenous AAVS1 locus, we obtained targeting rates of 10 to 25% in 293T cells, 13 to 8% in K562 cells, and 2 to 4% in induced pluripotent stem cells. We show that this process relies on CRISPR components; is sequence-specific; and, upon simultaneous introduction of multiple gRNAs, can effect multiplex editing of target loci. We also compute a genome-wide resource of ~190 K unique gRNAs targeting ~40.5% of human exons. Our results establish an RNA-guided editing tool for facile, robust, and multiplexable human genome engineering.
DOI: 10.1126/science.12320332013 · Science
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Functional elucidation of causal genetic variants and elements requires precise genome editing technologies. The type II prokaryotic CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immune system has been shown to facilitate RNA-guided site-specific DNA cleavage. We engineered two different type II CRISPR/Cas systems and demonstrate that Cas9 nucleases can be directed by short RNAs to induce precise cleavage at endogenous genomic loci in human and mouse cells. Cas9 can also be converted into a nicking enzyme to facilitate homology-directed repair with minimal mutagenic activity. Lastly, multiple guide sequences can be encoded into a single CRISPR array to enable simultaneous editing of several sites within the mammalian genome, demonstrating easy programmability and wide applicability of the RNA-guided nuclease technology.
DOI: 10.1126/science.12311432013
Computer Science Curricula 2013: Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate Degree Programs in Computer Science
White S and Vafopoulos M Web Science: Expanding the Notion of Computer Science, SSRN Electronic Journal, 10.2139/ssrn.1919393
DOI: 10.1145/25348602013
Applied Predictive Modeling
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6849-32013 · Journal of environment and earth science
Detection and Delineation of Contaminant Migration using the Terrain Conductivity Technique outside the Perimeters of the Dompoase Landfill Facility in Kumasi – Ghana.
A thesis submitted to the Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (Geophysics). College of Science June 2012.
2013 · Anesthesia Essays and Researches
Current status of nanomedicine and nanosurgery
Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that covers a vast and diverse array of devices derived from physics, biology, engineering, and chemistry. Applications of nanotechnology to medicine and physiology imply materials and devices designed to interact with the body at subcellular (i.e., molecular) scales with a high degree of specificity. There is considerable useful information about nanotechnology available and already in use. However, at present, it is very incomplete and scattered. We realized many doctors are unaware of nanotechnology used during surgery and its future prospects in patients. Though most medical products that use nanotechnology are still in the research and development stage, there are a few which are commercially available. Nanotechnology has grown by leaps and bounds over the last few years; applications of this technology in the field of medicine and surgery have been an important spin-off. Many biological structures are at nanometer scale used by surgeons in orthopedic, dental, and neurosurgeries. This article starts with the basics of the nanotechnology and how it is utilized through most medical products. This important article, which is felt to offer high educational value for the doctors, have been selected from an extensive search on the internet, and elaborately discussed. In this review, the scientific and technical aspects of nanotechnology are introduced, and some of its potential clinical applications are discussed.
DOI: 10.4103/0259-1162.1189762013 · IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (I…
The Role of Readability in Science Education in Ghana: A Readability Index Analysis of Ghana Association of Science Teachers Textbooks for Senior High School
The study investigated the readability of science textbooks for senior high schools in Ghana. Survey research design was employed for the study. Using stratified sampling technique, a sample size of 300 SHS 1, 2 and 3 students were drawn from five senior high schools in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana. Gunning Fog and Cloze Test readability indexes were used to examine the difficulty level of the Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Integrated Science textbooks for senior high schools, written by the Ghana Association of Science Teachers. Findings of the study revealed that, on the average, the books are difficult to read. The study further showed that the Integrated Science textbook is the most difficult among the textbooks, followed by the Physics textbook. The study concludes by proffering the following recommendations: long sentences and multi-syllable words in these books should be reformulated into smaller structures for easy understanding; and the Ghana association of Science Teachers should write more simplified text materials that can improve readership and understanding.
DOI: 10.9790/7388-02109192013 · AIP conference proceedings
The changing face of women in physics in Ghana
Ghana is said to be the first independent sub-Saharan African country outside South Africa to promote science education and the application of science in industrial and social development. It has long been recognized that many schools' science curricula extend the extracurricular activities of boys more than those of girls. In order to bridge this gap, efforts have been made to give girls extra assistance in the learning of science by exposing them to science activities through specific camps, road shows, exhibitions, and so on. The best known of such efforts is the Science, Technology, and Mathematics Education (STME) camps and clinics for girls, which started in Ghana 23 years ago. Since our attendance at the Third International Conference on Women in Physics in Seoul, Korea, a lot has been achieved to further improve female science education, and this credit goes to STME. The first female nuclear engineer from Ghana graduated from the University of Ghana in March 2010.
DOI: 10.1063/1.47942412013 · Nigerian Medical Journal
Impact of health education intervention on malaria prevention practices among nursing mothers in rural communities in Nigeria
INTRODUCTION: Malaria is the most prevalent parasitic endemic disease in Africa, which is preventable, treatable and curable. This study aims to assess the effect of health education intervention on the knowledge, attitude, and prevention practices amongst mothers of under-five children in a rural area of Ogun State, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study design was a quasi-experimental study carried out in Ijebu North Local Government Area of Ogun State. A multistage random sampling technique was used in choosing the required samples and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant information. A total of 400 respondents were recruited into the study with 200 each in both the experimental and control groups and were followed up for a period of 3 months. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant differences observed between the experimental and control groups. Knowledge of indoor spraying increased from 14.7% to 58.2% (P < 0.001) and window and door nets increased from 48.3% to 74.8% (P < 0.001). The proportion of those with ITN use increased from 50.8% to 87.4% (P < 0.001) while those with practice of maintaining clean environment also increased from 40.4% to 54.5% (P < 0.001). There were no significant changes in all the practice of malaria prevention methods in the control group. CONCLUSION: This suggests that malaria control can be significantly improved in rural areas, if the caregivers are adequately empowered through appropriate health education intervention though change in attitude and belief may require a longer and persistent effort.
DOI: 10.4103/0300-1652.1100462013 · European Journal of General Dentistry
Self-medication practices among dental, midwifery and nursing students
Abstract Objective: To determine the pattern of self-medication among dental, midwifery and nursing students and to evaluate the factors associated with self-medication. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional of dental, nursing and midwifery students undergoing clinical training in University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria was conducted in 2010. The elicited data include demography, use of drug without doctor′s prescription, type of drug used (pain relievers, antibiotics, anti-malarial, cough medication and nutritional supplement), reasons for self-medication, factors that influenced the choice of drug and source of drug. Results: A total of 76.8% of the respondents indulged in self-medication practices. Of which, 33.0% used the medication inappropriately. The type of self-medication use was, pain relievers (60.5%), antibiotics (43.2%), anti-malarial (40.5%), cough medication (16.7%) and nutritional supplement (16.0%). Previous experience with the illness and perceived minor nature of the illness were the predominant reasons for the self-medication practices among the respondents. The major factors that influenced their choice of medication were previous experience with similar symptoms (39.7%), advice of non-doctor health professional (33.5%). Pharmacy shop was the main source of the self-medicated drugs. Conclusion: Self-medication was a common practice among this studied group of health workers. The level of inappropriate drug use denotes self-medication as an unhealthy option, and it therefore, should be discouraged.
DOI: 10.4103/2278-9626.1068132012 · Advances in experimental medicine and biology
MicroRNA-Regulated Networks: The Perfect Storm for Classical Molecular Biology, the Ideal Scenario for Systems Biology
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5590-1_42012 · The European Physical Journal A
Physics opportunities with the 12 GeV upgrade at Jefferson Lab
DOI: 10.1140/epja/i2012-12187-12012 · The Lancet
Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61729-22012 · The Lancet
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61689-42012 · The Lancet
A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61766-82012 · Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa
Forerunners of Mammals: Radiation, Histology, Biology
Forerunners of Mammals: Radiation, Histology, Biology, edited by Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan. 2012. Bloomington, Indiana, Indiana University Press. Price: US$60. Pp. 330. ISBN 978 0 253 35697 0. The Gre...
DOI: 10.1080/0035919x.2012.723283