TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pollution and health: a progress update
AU  - Richard Fuller
AU  - Philip J. Landrigan
AU  - Kalpana Balakrishnan
AU  - Glynda Bathan
AU  - Stephan Böse‐O’Reilly
AU  - Michael Bräuer
AU  - Jack Caravanos
AU  - Tom Chiles
AU  - Aaron Cohen
AU  - Lilian Corra
AU  - Maureen Cropper
AU  - Gregory L. Ferraro
AU  - J. L. Hanna
AU  - David Hanrahan
AU  - Howard Hu
AU  - David Hunter
AU  - Gloria Janata
AU  - Rachael Kupka
AU  - Bruce P. Lanphear
AU  - Maureen Y. Lichtveld
AU  - Keith Martin
AU  - Adetoun Mustapha
AU  - Ernesto Sánchez-Triana
AU  - Karti Sandilya
AU  - Laura Schaefli
AU  - Joseph R. Shaw
AU  - Jessica Seddon
AU  - William A. Suk
AU  - Martha María Téllez‐Rojo
AU  - Chonghuai Yan
PY  - 2022
JO  - The Lancet Planetary Health
DO  - 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00090-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00090-0
AB  - The Lancet Commission on pollution and health reported that pollution was responsible for 9 million premature deaths in 2015, making it the world's largest environmental risk factor for disease and premature death. We have now updated this estimate using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuriaes, and Risk Factors Study 2019. We find that pollution remains responsible for approximately 9 million deaths per year, corresponding to one in six deaths worldwide. Reductions have occurred in the number of deaths attributable to the types of pollution associated with extreme poverty. However, these reductions in deaths from household air pollution and water pollution are offset by increased deaths attributable to ambient air pollution and toxic chemical pollution (ie, lead). Deaths from these modern pollution risk factors, which are the unintended consequence of industrialisation and urbanisation, have risen by 7% since 2015 and by over 66% since 2000. Despite ongoing efforts by UN agencies, committed groups, committed individuals, and some national governments (mostly in high-income countries), little real progress against pollution can be identified overall, particularly in the low-income and middle-income countries, where pollution is most severe. Urgent attention is needed to control pollution and prevent pollution-related disease, with an emphasis on air pollution and lead poisoning, and a stronger focus on hazardous chemical pollution. Pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss are closely linked. Successful control of these conjoined threats requires a globally supported, formal science-policy interface to inform intervention, influence research, and guide funding. Pollution has typically been viewed as a local issue to be addressed through subnational and national regulation or, occasionally, using regional policy in higher-income countries. Now, however, it is increasingly clear that pollution is a planetary threat, and that its drivers, its dispersion, and its effects on health transcend local boundaries and demand a global response. Global action on all major modern pollutants is needed. Global efforts can synergise with other global environmental policy programmes, especially as a large-scale, rapid transition away from all fossil fuels to clean, renewable energy is an effective strategy for preventing pollution while also slowing down climate change, and thus achieves a double benefit for planetary health.
ER  -